12/31/2023 0 Comments Protamine antidote for heparin![]() ![]() Anticoagulants make blood flow more freely. The present data suggest that excess protamine might potentially increase bleeding in the case of severe thrombocytopenia or low factor VIII. Heparin is an important anticoagulant medication used to treat and prevent blood clots from forming in people who have certain medical conditions or who are undergoing certain medical procedures. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that protamine affects the propagation of thrombin generation, which is partially reversed by platelets or increased factor VIII/von Willebrand factor concentrations. In agreement, protamine increased coagulation time evaluated by thromboelastometry significantly more in platelet-poor plasma than in whole blood. A therapeutic concentration of recombinant factor VIIa (60 nM) only affected the lag time of thrombin generation triggered with actin. The cationic hydrogenated protamine at a pH of 6.8 to 7.1 reacts with anionic heparin at a pH of 5.0 to 7.5 to form an inactive complex. Protamine and DNA can form a compact structure, protecting DNA from digestion by intracellular enzymes. The addition of factor VIII/von Willebrand factor (1.5-3.0 U/mL) to platelet-poor plasma with protamine (24 microg/mL) decreased lag time and increased peak thrombin generation with actin activation. Protamine, used clinically as an antidote for heparin, is a small protein with high arginine content and is potent in folding DNA. Related pages: use of protamine sulphate as an antidote to heparin. In platelet-rich plasma with platelets at 50 to 200 x 10(3)/microL, protamine (24 microg/mL) prolonged the lag time, but had no effect on peak thrombin generation. This drug neutralizes the effects of heparin. Protamine also increased lag time and decreased peak of thrombin generation in platelet-poor plasma after tissue factor and actin activation. RESULTS: Protamine prolonged prothrombin time and Russell's viper venom time, concentration dependently. Protamine Sulfate (protamines) is a heparin antagonist and a weak anticoagulant indicated in the treatment of heparin (a drug used to treat and prevent. The reversibility of excess protamine (24 microg/mL) by recombinant factor VIIa or factor VIII/von Willebrand factor concentrate was also tested. METHODS: We evaluated the effects of increasing protamine concentrations (0 to 24 microg/mL) on prothrombin time and diluted Russell's viper venom time measurements on thrombin generation in platelet-poor and platelet-rich plasma after activation by tissue factor or actin, and on thromboelastometry in platelet-poor plasma and whole blood from 6 healthy volunteers. BACKGROUND: Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin, but in excess it exerts weak anticoagulation. ![]()
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